MassHealth provides health care services to around 2 million Massachusetts residents, brings in significant federal revenue, and serves as a driver of health system reform. In light of recent changes to federal Medicaid law that will soon impact program coverage and financing, it is critical that stakeholders understand the importance of MassHealth and its role in the state’s broader health insurance and delivery system landscape.  

This resource highlights key facts about MassHealth, including the many ways in which the program contributes to the Massachusetts economy and promotes health care coverage and access for residents in the state. 

In July 2025, Congress enacted H.R. 1, also known as the “One Big Beautiful Bill” Act (OB3), which is a major tax and domestic policy law that will ultimately impact health care coverage in Massachusetts through significant changes to federal law.  

This chart pack provides an overview of the public coverage programs in Massachusetts that will be affected by OB3, explains the key provisions in the law that will change Medicaid and Marketplace eligibility and financing, and elevates what we know about how these provisions will impact the coverage landscape and the broader health care delivery system in Massachusetts.

The data presented in this chart pack are derived from previous Foundation publications, as well as other publicly available sources.

In July 2025, Congress enacted the “One Big Beautiful Bill” Act, known as OB3, which changes federal Medicaid law and will significantly impact MassHealth coverage and financing over the coming years. Given these looming changes, it is more important than ever to understand the MassHealth program, including who it serves, how it’s financed, and how the program is set up for members to access comprehensive care.

This UPDATED (October 2025) edition of the MassHealth: The Basics chart pack provides new data on MassHealth enrollment and spending from the most recent state fiscal years available. The chart pack features a high-level overview of the health care delivery systems that serve MassHealth members. It also highlights some of MassHealth’s latest reform efforts and provides a summary of recent changes to federal Medicaid law.

The chart pack provides comprehensive yet accessible data and information to help policymakers, administrators, advocates, and academics better understand the complex MassHealth program. It is made available in PDF and PowerPoint formats to facilitate its use in presentations. 

Interested in learning more about the MassHealth program? Join us on Thursday, November 13th from 12:00 - 1:00 PM for a webinar that will review key facts and data about MassHealth eligibility, benefits and delivery systems, costs, and recent reforms. Click here to register for the webinar.

MassHealth, Massachusetts’ Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program, provides health care coverage to around two million Massachusetts residents, and is jointly funded by the state and the federal governments. Massachusetts pays for a portion of its share of MassHealth spending with revenues from a type of assessment known as “provider taxes.” In Massachusetts, these provider taxes are assessments on hospitals, nursing homes, ambulance services, and managed care organizations.

Federal policymakers are currently considering several different changes to reduce federal spending on Medicaid. These proposals include limiting or eliminating states’ ability to receive federal Medicaid reimbursement on money raised through provider taxes. This would mean that states like Massachusetts would have to make up those lost revenues out of their own general funds—or make cuts to their Medicaid programs.

The goal of this brief is to explain what provider taxes are and to illuminate the critical role they play in helping to finance the MassHealth program. This brief does not estimate the impact on MassHealth of any specific federal policy proposal.

This chart pack describes the potential threats to subsidized health insurance coverage and financing in Massachusetts under the new federal administration. The goals of this chart pack are to:

• Provide a high-level overview of MassHealth, the Health Connector, and publicly subsidized health insurance programs in Massachusetts that could be impacted by federal policy changes.
• Describe the potential changes in federal financing and policy related to Medicaid and subsidized Affordable Care Act Marketplace coverage programs that are likely being considered by the new federal administration.
• Provide estimates of the potential impacts of these changes (in terms of dollars or lives) for MassHealth and Massachusetts ConnectorCare programs.
• Identify, to the extent possible, the timing, political hurdles, and implementation vehicles for these potential changes.

On March 20, 2025, the Foundation hosted a webinar that featured a presentation of the chart pack’s content by its authors from Manatt Health. Click here to view a recording of this webinar.

MassHealth provides health care services to over 2 million Massachusetts residents. This updated infographic highlights key facts about MassHealth, including the many ways in which the program contributes to the Massachusetts economy and promotes health care coverage and access for residents in the state.

Are you interested in learning more about the MassHealth program? Were you unable to attend our November 2024 webinar on MassHealth: The Basics? If so, join us on Wednesday, February 5th, from 12:00 - 1:00 PM for a webinar to review key facts and data about MassHealth eligibility, benefits and delivery systems, costs, and recent reforms from our October 2024 edition of the MassHealth: The Basics – Facts and Trends chart pack. The goal of the webinar is to provide participants with basic background information about MassHealth, including what benefits MassHealth covers, who it serves, program spending, and a status update on the state’s latest delivery reform efforts. Click here to register for the webinar. NOTE: This webinar will cover the same content as our November 2024 webinar on MassHealth: The Basics.

This UPDATED (October 2024) edition of the MassHealth: The Basics chart pack provides new data on MassHealth enrollment and spending from the most recent state fiscal years available. The chart pack features a high-level overview of the delivery systems that serve MassHealth members. It also highlights MassHealth’s latest reform efforts, which include initiatives to advance health equity, to expand services and coverage to certain groups, and to improve timely access to behavioral health care.

The chart pack provides comprehensive yet accessible data and explanations of program updates to help policymakers, administrators, advocates, and academics better understand the complex MassHealth program. It is made available in PDF and PowerPoint formats to facilitate its use in presentations.

On November 20, 2024, MMPI hosted a webinar to review facts and data about MassHealth eligibility, benefits and delivery systems, costs, and recent reforms from the latest edition of MassHealth: The Basics. Click here to access a recording of this webinar and a copy of the webinar slides.

As a program that provides publicly funded health benefits to more than 2 million low-income children and families, seniors, and people living with disabilities in Massachusetts, it is not surprising that MassHealth accounts for a large share of the state’s budget. However, a cursory review of the MassHealth budget can be misleading because it can obscure the billions of dollars in federal revenue that the program generates for the state. This brief looks beyond the budget totals to help stakeholders better understand the actual state cost of MassHealth by accounting for the state and federal partnership that finances this program.

In state fiscal year (SFY) 2025, the state projects it will spend approximately $20.3 billion on MassHealth. This total (or “gross” amount) is approximately 31 percent of total estimated state spending for SFY 2025. However, because the federal government reimburses Massachusetts for more than half of its MassHealth spending, the state’s actual cost for MassHealth (“net of”—or minus—federal revenue) is $10.2 billion or 20 percent of the total net state spending in SFY 2025. Fully understanding the actual state cost of MassHealth requires appreciating the details of the federal and other revenue sources that support this essential and comprehensive program.

MassHealth provides health care services to over 2 million Massachusetts residents. This updated infographic highlights key facts about MassHealth, including the many ways in which the program contributes to the Massachusetts economy and promotes health care coverage and access for residents in the state.

This UPDATED (October 2023) edition of the MassHealth: The Basics chart pack provides new data on MassHealth enrollment and spending from the most recent state fiscal years available. The chart pack features a high-level overview of the delivery systems that serve MassHealth members. It also highlights MassHealth’s latest reform efforts, which include initiatives to advance health equity and to improve timely access to behavioral health care.

The chart pack provides comprehensive yet accessible data and explanations of program updates to help policymakers, administrators, advocates, and academics better understand the complex MassHealth program. It is made available in PDF and PowerPoint formats to facilitate its use in presentations.

Massachusetts administers much of MassHealth through an 1115 Demonstration waiver, approved by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), which it has extended several times since it was originally approved in 1995. In December 2021, Massachusetts submitted a request to CMS to extend its Demonstration for another five years. While this request largely aims to continue and improve upon the programs and initiatives that are a part of the current Demonstration, an area of specific focus within the proposed extension centers around advancing health equity within the MassHealth program. As part of this request, MassHealth seeks to promote health equity by both building on current program elements and introducing new strategies such as investing in certain populations that experience persistent health inequities and creating incentives for ACOs and hospitals to measure and reduce health inequities.

This report describes the proposed MassHealth Demonstration extension, what it means for MassHealth coverage moving forward, and implications for members, providers, and other stakeholders.

In December 2021, Governor Baker signed Chapter 102 of the Acts of 2021 into law. This legislation, often referred to as the “ARPA bill,” appropriates close to $4 billion, including $2.55 billion in funding directly from the federal American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA). ARPA was passed in March 2021 to provide money to states to start recovering from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Chapter 102 invests money from ARPA in many areas, including housing, infrastructure, education, and economic development. Health services received $950 million in the law, with funding for physical health, behavioral health, long-term care services, and public health initiatives. This issue brief summarizes the key components of Chapter 102 that will affect health and health care in Massachusetts.

This report provides an analysis of the impacts of the enhanced premium subsidies for purchasing health insurance through the Marketplace, or Health Connector in Massachusetts, that the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) temporarily authorized through 2022. While Massachusetts already provided additional state-based financial assistance to many marketplace enrollees prior to ARPA, ARPA enhanced subsidies for some individuals and introduced a new cap on the amount anyone purchasing through the Marketplace has to pay in premiums, effectively expanding eligibility for subsidies to purchase health insurance.

The Build Back Better Act that passed the House of Representatives and is currently stalled in the Senate would extend these subsidies through 2025. In this brief, we evaluate the coverage and cost effects of extending the enhanced subsidies in Massachusetts in 2023. The estimates suggest that, if extended, the enhanced subsidies would:

• reduce the number of people who are uninsured in Massachusetts by 8,000 people;
• reduce household spending on premiums for people who purchase subsidized coverage through the Health Connector; and
• save the state an estimated $133 million in spending on ConnectorCare subsidies in 2023.

The report provides a more detailed look at each of these effects and is intended to be a resource for health care advocates, policymakers, and other stakeholders to understand the impact of these subsidies expiring.

California v. Texas, a case currently before the U.S. Supreme Court, seeks to overturn the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The court is expected to begin hearing arguments on this case on November 10, 2020. A final ruling that overturns the ACA would have widespread implications, affecting every state in the nation.

This brief and companion infographic describe what’s at stake for Massachusetts if the court were to overturn the ACA — focusing on what it could mean for the state’s health insurance coverage rates and federal funding. This analysis is based on two scenarios: 1) where the ACA is overturned in its entirety and the state is not able to reestablish the subsidized coverage programs created by the state’s 2006 health reform and 2) where the ACA is overturned, but the state is able to reestablish its 2006 coverage programs.

The estimates described in this brief are generated from a model developed by the Urban Institute, which was used for a similar analysis released by the Foundation in December 2019. This new analysis uses state-level 2019 and 2020 cost and coverage data from MassHealth, the Health Connector, and the Center for Health Information and Analysis. The updated data used for this analysis captures many of the changes to the health insurance coverage landscape in Massachusetts as a result of COVID-19 and the associated economic downturn.

Texas v. United States, a case currently before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, seeks to overturn the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The court’s decision in the case could be announced any day and the case may ultimately be decided by the Supreme Court. A final ruling that overturns the ACA would have widespread implications, affecting every state in the nation.

This brief describes the implications of repeal for Massachusetts — focusing on what it could mean for the state’s health insurance coverage rates and federal funding, and what conditions would be necessary to prevent a significant erosion of Massachusetts’ coverage gains if the courts were to overturn the ACA. Two main scenarios are described: 1) where the ACA is overturned in its entirety and the state is not able to reestablish the subsidized coverage programs created by the state’s 2006 health reform and 2) where the ACA is overturned, but the state is able to reestablish its 2006 coverage programs.

The estimates described in this brief were generated from a model developed by the Urban Institute using state-level 2019 cost and coverage data from MassHealth, the Massachusetts Health Connector, and the Center for Health Information and Analysis.

This UPDATED (July 2019) edition of the MassHealth: The Basics chart pack provides new data on MassHealth enrollment and spending from the most recent state fiscal years available, as well as a high-level overview and status update on the state’s delivery system reform efforts. The 2019 chart pack features a summary of the program’s impacts on access to care and health outcomes and new data highlighting the role of MassHealth in supporting the low-income workforce. The chart pack provides comprehensive yet accessible data points and updates on the complex MassHealth program that will be useful to policymakers and administrators, as well as advocates and academics.

Some of the key information from the 2019 chart pack -- which is organized under three sections, Eligibility and Enrollment, Spending and Cost Drivers, and Reforms -- includes:

• MassHealth enrollment has been relatively stable for the past four years (2015-2018), hovering just above 1.8 million members. Notably:
  • More than 4 in 10 children in Massachusetts are MassHealth members; and
  • More than three quarters of non-elderly MassHealth members live in working families.
• MassHealth represents a significant portion of the state budget, but the majority of its spending is paid for with federal funding, and spending growth has moderated in recent years as enrollment has leveled off.
  • From 2013-2016, prescription drugs and home- and community-based long-term services and supports (LTSS) were the key drivers behind per-enrollee spending growth in MassHealth.
• MassHealth’s delivery system reform changes are well underway. Status updates are included on major initiatives:
  • Newly formed Accountable Care Organizations, which began full operation in March 2018, now have over 890,000 MassHealth members enrolled.
  • Launch of the Community Partners and Flexible Services programs to improve integration of behavioral health, LTSS, and social services.
  • Expansion of coverage for outpatient, residential inpatient, and community services to combat the substance use disorder crisis.

The chart pack is made available in PDF and PowerPoint formats to facilitate its use in presentations. A webinar to review this updated chart pack was held on October 29, 2019. A recording of that webinar is available here.

Among state budget items, MassHealth is well known as one of the largest spending categories, while its role as a significant source of federal revenue is often overlooked. This brief takes a look beyond the budget totals to help stakeholders better understand the actual state cost of MassHealth when factoring in the state and federal partnership that finances this program. In fiscal year (FY) 2019, the state projects it will spend approximately $16.7 billion on MassHealth. This total (or “gross” amount) is approximately 36 percent of total estimated state spending for FY 2019. However, because the federal government reimburses Massachusetts for more than half of its MassHealth spending, the state’s actual cost for MassHealth (“net of”—or minus—federal revenue) is $8.3 billion or 24 percent of total state spending in FY 2019. Fully understanding the actual state cost of MassHealth requires appreciating the details of the federal and other revenue sources that support this essential and comprehensive program.

Federal authorization for the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) expired on September 30, 2017. Senators Orrin Hatch (R-UT) and Ron Wyden (D-OR) have filed a bill to extend CHIP for five years, but Congress did not act quickly enough to prevent the current authorization from expiring. Unspent federal CHIP funds may be carried over into the next fiscal year and Massachusetts’s current allotment of federal CHIP funds should allow the state to continue to use CHIP funds for benefits until early 2018. However, we have now entered a policy limbo in which states are hopeful for reauthorization but must also determine other coverage options for children if funds run out.

As follow up to the Foundation’s June report, The Importance of CHIP Reauthorization for Massachusetts, this brief provides an update on the status of federal reauthorization for CHIP and a summary of its potential impact on the program in Massachusetts.

UPDATED (September 2017) chart pack produced by the Massachusetts Medicaid Policy Institute (MMPI), a program of the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation, in partnership with the Center for Health Law and Economics at the University of Massachusetts Medical School. This updated edition includes MassHealth enrollment as of May 2017 and spending from state fiscal year 2016. It is made available in PDF and PowerPoint formats to facilitate its use in presentations.

The Foundation hosted a webinar with author Bob Seifert from the Center for Health Law and Economics, University of Massachusetts Medical School to review the updated summary data on MassHealth enrollment and spending on Wednesday, October 11, 2017. Click here to access the webinar materials.

This chart pack provides an overview of the Senate-proposed Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017, highlighting some of its key provisions, particularly as they relate to Medicaid. Developed by Manatt Health, this chart pack was commissioned by the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation for the Massachusetts Coalition for Coverage and Care.